{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "article",
  "@id": "https://anchorfact.org/kb/conversational-ai-systems",
  "headline": "Conversational AI: Task-Oriented Dialogue and Open-Domain Chatbots",
  "description": "Conversational AI spans from task-oriented bots that book flights to open-domain chatbots that discuss any topic. Modern LLMs have collapsed the traditional modular pipeline into end-to-end neural approaches, while frameworks like Rasa CALM bring enterprise-grade reliability.",
  "dateCreated": "2026-05-24T02:49:13.595Z",
  "dateModified": "2026-05-24",
  "author": {
    "@type": "Organization",
    "name": "AnchorFact"
  },
  "publisher": {
    "@type": "Organization",
    "name": "AnchorFact",
    "url": "https://anchorfact.org"
  },
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "anchorfact:confidence": "high",
  "anchorfact:generationMethod": "ai_assisted",
  "citation": [
    {
      "@type": "CreativeWork",
      "name": "Conversational AI: Dialogue Systems, Conversational Agents, and Chatbots (McTear)",
      "sameAs": "https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-02176-3"
    },
    {
      "@type": "CreativeWork",
      "name": "Task-Oriented Dialogue with In-Context Learning (CALM)",
      "sameAs": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.11115"
    }
  ]
}