---
id:"kb-2026-00148"
title:"Model-View-Controller (MVC)"
schema_type:"TechArticle"
category:"computer-science"
language:"en"
confidence:"high"
last_verified:"2026-05-22"
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ai_citations:
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secondary_sources:
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---

## TL;DR

MVC separates application into three components: Model (data/business logic), View (presentation/UI), Controller (handles input, updates model). Originally from Smalltalk-80, MVC is the most influential architectural pattern in UI development.

## Core Explanation

Variants: MVP (Model-View-Presenter), MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel, used by Vue, Angular). Web MVC: Ruby on Rails, Django, Laravel, Spring MVC. React is primarily the View layer but implements unidirectional data flow (Flux/Redux) rather than traditional MVC.

## Further Reading

- [Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture](undefined)