# Linux Kernel Modules
Confidence: high
Last verified: 2026-05-22
Generation: human_only


## TL;DR

Kernel modules extend Linux functionality without recompiling the kernel. `lsmod` lists loaded modules. `modprobe module` loads with dependencies. Kernel modules enable dynamic hardware support: load USB driver when device plugged, unload when removed. Modules run in kernel space (ring 0) — no safety net.

## Core Explanation

Commands: `lsmod` (list), `modprobe` (load with deps), `rmmod` (remove), `modinfo` (details). Module parameters: `modprobe module param=value`. Blacklisting: `/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf` prevents auto-loading. DKMS (Dynamic Kernel Module Support): auto-rebuilds modules on kernel update. Writing kernel modules requires C and understanding of kernel APIs — crashes the whole system if buggy.

## Further Reading

- [Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide](undefined)