---
id:"kb-2026-00392"
title:"Indian Independence Movement"
schema_type:"TechArticle"
category:"history"
language:"en"
confidence:"high"
last_verified:"2026-05-22"
generation_method:"ai_assisted"
ai_models:["claude-opus"]
derived_from_human_seed:true
primary_sources:
  - title:"India's Struggle for Independence (Bipan Chandra)"
    type:"book"
    year:1989
    url:"https://www.penguin.co.in/book/indias-struggle-for-independence/"
    institution:"Penguin India"
secondary_sources:
  - title: "MDN Web Docs — HTTP"
    type: "documentation"
    year: 2026
    url: "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP"
    institution: "Mozilla"
completeness: 0.88
ai_citations:
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---

## TL;DR

India's independence movement (1857-1947) ended British colonial rule. Gandhi's non-violent civil disobedience (Satyagraha) mobilized millions. Key events: Salt March (1930), Quit India Movement (1942), Partition (1947, India + Pakistan — 1-2 million dead, 15 million displaced). India became a republic (1950).

## Core Explanation

1857 Sepoy Mutiny: first major uprising. Indian National Congress founded 1885. Gandhi: returned from South Africa (1915), led non-cooperation movement (1920-22), Salt March (1930, 240 miles to sea to make salt illegally). Jinnah and Muslim League demanded Pakistan. WWII: British promised independence for support. Mountbatten Plan: partition with tragic consequences.

## Further Reading

- [India's Struggle for Independence (Bipan Chandra)](https://www.penguin.co.in/book/indias-struggle-for-independence/)